Entropy: Thermodynamics – Energy – Environment – Economy

Entropie - ISSN 2634-1476 - © ISTE Ltd

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Bio-printing is a principle of additive manufacturing in which living cells can be printed or arranged in an organized manner in 3 dimensions. This technique could be useful in the manufacture of functional organs (and which could for example replace deficient organs in sick people) as soon as the locks related to the good development of these organs are unlocked. However, it can already be used to understand the effects of anti-carcinogenic substances on a healthy or malignant cell cluster (organoids). This work highlights the influence of certain parameters on the desired cell death. For example, the shape of the cluster, the diffusion of the anticarcinogen and its natural elimination over time largely influence the amount of cells remaining over time. Thus, the behavior at the microscopic scale (of the organoid) could be studied numerically from different angles while the passage to the macroscopic scale was only possible with simplifications (2-dimensional system, non-proliferation), but which allow to compare two important parameters, the natural elimination of the anticarcinogen with the cell disappearance. Thus, the hierarchy of chemotherapy chemicals resulting from work with organoids, in a logic of personalized medicine, can be challenged by other effects that cannot be taken into account on these small bio-constructs.

As part of the integration of the theme of "Energy Transition" into the school curriculum, we have designed an artisanal wind turbine device, intended for teaching "renewable energy" to pupils of Première S du High School. In the first part of this article, we present the theoretical elements of the wind turbine, the second part is consecrated to the achievements of the various elements and the characteristics of the device, we expose in the last part of the results of our study, very applicable and satisfactory for students during the course and exercises.

Le projet « Lîla-Entropie», est un projet à vocation heuristique. Sans déroger à la rigueur scientifique qui s’impose, le préfixe « Lîla » qualifie explicitement le présent projet au moyen d’un attribut d’origine Sanscrit indiquant la volonté des contributeurs de cerner, directement ou indirectement, les fondements thermodynamiques de l’évolution du monde, de l’acte créateur qui y prend corps, puis d’en penser le management et le contrôle.

Cet éditorial marque la 3ème année du renouveau du journal ENTROPIE. Celui-ci inaugure une série de numéros spéciaux relatifs à une des notions parmi les plus fondamentales et complexes de la Thermodynamique-Energétique : L’ENTROPIE.

The author returns to the classic definitions of the notion of entropy, the use of which he criticizes in inappropriate situations. Underlying this notion is that of evolution for which various characterizations are proposed.

Different concepts, derived from that of entropy, but which oppose it, will be correlated in the analysis of the living state of matter: those of negentropy and anti-entropy. We will discuss the disruptive role of entropy as well as its contribution to the production of the organization of life (anti-entropy), in space and time. This will allow us to talk about the historicity of the living and to define a space of viability where anti-entropic diversity is obtained by integration/assimilation of local entropy (variation) in the spatial structures and temporal rhythms of the living. The local thus co-constructs the global, while they constitute a constraint of one on the other, in a tension at the heart of phylogenesis and ontogenesis.

This paper is a brief presentation of the so called Non-Extensive Algebra. This algebra is related to the generalization of the exponential and logarithm functions depending on an external parameter. The relationship between these operators & this algebra and fractal geometry & the dynamics under the control of non-integer differential operators is analyzed. The different aspects of the incomplete statistics are developed using the new operators.