@ARTICLE{10.21494/ISTE.OP.2024.1086, 

TITLE={Cognitive warfare and influence strategies in the European Union}, 
  
AUTHOR={Nicolas Ravailhe, }, 
	
JOURNAL={Cognitive Engineering}, 
	
VOLUME={7}, 

NUMBER={Issue 1}, 
	
YEAR={2024}, 

URL={https://openscience.fr/Cognitive-warfare-and-influence-strategies-in-the-European-Union}, 
	
DOI={10.21494/ISTE.OP.2024.1086}, 
	
ISSN={2517-6978}, 
	
ABSTRACT={Cognitive and information wars are dreaded in the European Union (EU). Europe is trying to protect itself against foreign influences that undermine its values and economic interests. The European Parliament has called for responses to civil cognitive attacks on the entirety of society. However, the stakeholders in the European decision-making processes also practice cognitive warfare. They use terminology that is less provocative on the highly politically correct European stage. Reputational influence and strategic lobbying are used to create frames of reference that secure their interests in the EU. Using concrete examples, this article identifies the perception of cognitive warfare in the EU and how it is used to shape the design of European decisions.}}