@ARTICLE{10.21494/ISTE.OP.2024.1077, 

TITLE={Biological bioactive film of the propolis: morphological, optical and electrical properties}, 
  
AUTHOR={Ferid Mezdari
, Mohammed Amine Wederni
, Belgacem Tiss
, Kamel Khirouni, }, 
	
JOURNAL={Entropy: Thermodynamics – Energy – Environment – Economy }, 
	
VOLUME={5}, 

NUMBER={Special issue IEES}, 
	
YEAR={2024}, 

URL={http://openscience.fr/Biological-bioactive-film-of-the-propolis-morphological-optical-and-electrical}, 
	
DOI={10.21494/ISTE.OP.2024.1077}, 
	
ISSN={2634-1476}, 
	
ABSTRACT={A large number of biological materials have outstanding environmental and technical properties. Propolis is a biological and bioactive honeybees product. We performed investigations on the microstructural, optical, and electrical properties of the propolis films. A stable, bioactive, green, and low-cost thin layers of this biocompatible material were produced. Transmittance spectrum shows that propolis film is opaque for blue and ultraviolet (UV) radiations which are responsible of the food oxidation, nutrient losses, flavor degradation, and discoloration. Propolis film reveals an energy gap of 2.88 eV at room temperature, which enables optoelectronic applications in the UV and blue ranges. The electrical study shows that the propolis film has semiconductor behavior. At low frequency range, a large variation of the conductance (10-8 - 10-5 S) was observed for a small variation of temperature (292 - 348 K). Therefore, the propolis film exhibits potential applications as a safe negative temperature coefficient sensor in bioelectronics.}}